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¿Por qué la vacuna de Pfizer y BioNTech contra covid-19 pasó de 90% a 95% de eficacia en cuestión de nueve días?

El 9 de noviembre las compañías anunciaron que su eficacia era del 90% y que esta podía variar según próximos datos; nueve días después subió a 95% ¿cómo se calcula?

(FILES) In this file photo taken on August 13, 2020, a lab technician sorts blood samples inside a lab for a Covid-19 vaccine study at the Research Centers of America (RCA) in Hollywood, Florida. - A key facet of the global mad scramble by Pfizer, Moderna and other pharma groups to develop a viable coronavirus vaccine is the recruitment of tens of thousands of volunteers willing to participate in clinical trials. AFP's correspondent in Miami, Leila Macor, took part in such a trial organized by US biotech firm Moderna, which on November 16, 2020 announced that its experimental vaccine against Covid-19 was nearly 95 percent effective.
Why did Macor, who suffers from asthma, decide to be one of Moderna's 30,000 test subjects? Here, she recounts her experience, which began just weeks after her own father died of Covid-19 in Chile. (Photo by CHANDAN KHANNA / AFP)
(FILES) In this file photo taken on August 13, 2020, a lab technician sorts blood samples inside a lab for a Covid-19 vaccine study at the Research Centers of America (RCA) in Hollywood, Florida. - A key facet of the global mad scramble by Pfizer, Moderna and other pharma groups to develop a viable coronavirus vaccine is the recruitment of tens of thousands of volunteers willing to participate in clinical trials. AFP's correspondent in Miami, Leila Macor, took part in such a trial organized by US biotech firm Moderna, which on November 16, 2020 announced that its experimental vaccine against Covid-19 was nearly 95 percent effective. Why did Macor, who suffers from asthma, decide to be one of Moderna's 30,000 test subjects? Here, she recounts her experience, which began just weeks after her own father died of Covid-19 in Chile. (Photo by CHANDAN KHANNA / AFP) CHANDAN KHANNA
Cuando se da un caso de covid-19, los científicos analizan si este se dio en el grupo de quienes recibieron la vacuna experimental o si es en el de quienes recibieron el placebo, para así determinar la eficacia del producto. Imagen con fines ilustrativos. Fotografía: AFP (CHANDAN KHANNA/AFP)

El pasado 9 de noviembre, la compañía farmacéutica Pfizer y la biotecnológica BioNTech dieron a conocer que su vacuna experimental contra la covid-19 tenía un 90% de eficacia.

Este miércoles, nueve días después, realizan un nuevo anuncio en el que dan más detalles y dicen que su eficacia es del 95%.

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